Introduction
Performing zakat is one of the pillars of Islam and serves as a fundamental aspect of a Muslim’s life. It is not merely a material obligation but also an act of worship closely related to the belief and understanding of the articles of faith (Pillars of Faith). A person’s faith in Allah, the Day of Judgment, and qada’ and qadar (divine decree) gives deeper meaning to zakat, making it relevant not only to the individual but also to the well-being of the ummah.
Definition
Linguistic Meaning
Derived from the Arabic word (زَكَى), zakat means purity and growth, encompassing meanings like cleanliness, blessings, development, and goodness for the zakat wealth, payer, and recipient.
Sharia Meaning
Zakat is the act of allocating a specific portion of wealth, according to stipulated conditions, to be distributed among certain groups of people.
Obligation of Zakat
Zakat is an individual obligation (fardh ain) upon every Muslim who meets the requisite conditions.
Relevance of Articles of Faith to Zakat
Faith in Allah
Belief in Allah as the Most Merciful and Generous Lord is the foundation that motivates a Muslim to perform zakat. Allah has established zakat as a means to purify wealth and the soul, as mentioned in Surah At-Taubah (9:103):
Surah At-Taubah (9:103)
“Take, [O Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase.”
Faith in Allah instills the awareness that all possessions are a trust from Him, and zakat is a way to fulfill that trust. Consequently, zakat becomes a manifestation of obedience to Allah, fostering gratitude for His blessings.
Faith in the Day of Judgment
Belief in the Day of Judgment adds a spiritual dimension to the performance of zakat. A Muslim who believes in the hereafter understands that zakat not only meets worldly needs but is also an investment for eternal life. In Surah Al-Baqarah (2:261), Allah states:
Surah Al-Baqarah (2:261)
“The example of those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah is like a seed [of grain] that sprouts seven ears; in every ear are a hundred grains. Allah multiplies [His reward] for whom He wills.”
This realization encourages individuals to perform zakat sincerely, knowing that every contribution will be rewarded manifold in the hereafter.
Faith in Qada’ and Qadar
Belief in qada’ and qadar helps a Muslim view zakat from a broader perspective. The sustenance provided by Allah is His decree, and zakat serves as a way to ensure that sustenance is distributed justly within society. Recognizing that wealth is merely a loan from Allah, a Muslim is less hesitant to share it with those in need. This belief also encourages contentment and gratitude while avoiding greed.
Relevance of Zakat to the Individual and the Ummah
For the Individual
Zakat helps cleanse the heart of miserliness and fosters sincerity and compassion for others. It reminds us that life is not solely about personal gain but also about benefiting others.
For the Ummah
Zakat functions as a social instrument that ensures economic justice and reduces the gap between the rich and the poor. It creates a more harmonious society where individuals support and help one another. This aligns with Allah’s command in Surah Al-Hasyr (59:7):
Surah Al-Hasyr (59:7)
“So that it will not be a perpetual distribution among the rich from among you.”
Conclusion
Zakat is a compulsory obligation for every Muslim. Through zakat, a Muslim can strengthen their relationship with Allah, improve themselves, and contribute positively to the ummah. By understanding this connection, we can see zakat as a significant and relevant practice in building a prosperous and blessed society.
Faith in the articles of faith gives profound meaning to the act of zakat. It is not merely an obligation but a form of devotion to Allah, encompassing spiritual, social, and economic dimensions.
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